乳化炸药乳化的爆炸危险性研究

民爆库

摘要：  
对乳化炸药乳化的动能(转动搅拌)、硬摩擦、压强能(微射流)3种作用下的生成热的构成进行了归纳分析,并叙述了上述3种生成热的热升温试验测定及爆炸危害推导结果.结果表明:乳化搅拌线速度为11.4、14.8 m/s和22.4 m/s时,可能发生爆炸的干运转时间分别为125、48 min和5 min;单螺杆泵以1.0 m/s的线速度输送胶体时的摩擦热升温相当于乳化线速度15.1 m/s时的热升温;压强能2.3 MPa(射流流速35 m/s)作用下的乳化受体几乎不升温.以上说明,中国相关法规标准关于乳化器线速度不大于15 m/s、胶体螺杆泵转速不大于100 r/min的规定具有一定合理性;但就本质安全而言,上述指标下的动能(转动搅拌)、硬摩擦两种作用的爆炸危险性仍较大,而压强能较低时(压力2.3 MPa)的原料射流乳化的爆炸危险性则较低.因此,在当前乳化炸药生产线、地面站与混装车生产产能状况和质量要求下,乳化器及胶体螺杆泵线速度不宜进一步降低,淘汰乳化器搅拌和胶体螺杆泵湍流的乳化方式,代之以原料射流的乳化方式(即全静态乳化),是提高乳化炸药安全生产水平的根本措施.
Abstract：  
Heat of formation from kinetic energy caused by rotational mixing, dry friction and low pressure energy of micro jetin emulsification of emulsion explosive was summarized and analyzed. Results of temperature rising test and explosion hazard derivation of these three heats of formation were described. Test results indicate that when the linear velocity reaches 11. 4, 14. 8 m/s, and 22. 4 m/s, the dry-running time of the explosion is 125, 48 min, and 5 min respectively. Friction heat of the mono pump with the linear velocity of 1. 0 m/s is equivalent to the kinetic energy of the blender at 15. 1 m/s. At the pressure energy of 2. 3 MPa (flow velocity at 35m/s), the emulsion system barely heats up. Those results demonstrate rationality of the laws and regulations about linear speed of emulsifier no more than 15 m/s and speed of colloidal screw pump no more than 100 r/min. But, there is high risk of dry friction and the kinetic energy caused by rotational mixing. Explosion risk of jet emulsification of raw material is acceptable with lower pressure energy ( pressure at 2. 3 MPa) . Under current requirement of production line of emulsion explosive, ground station, production capability and quality of mixed loading vehicle, linear speed of emulsifier and colloidal screw pump should not be reduced too low. Jet emulsification of raw material ( full static emulsification) is the key method to improve the safety production level of emulsion explosive.
doi：  10.3969/j.issn.1001-8352.2018.01.001  
作者：  唐秋明  张爱军  任卫东  吴应飚  王木申   
Author：  TANG Qiuming    ZHANG Aijun    REN Weidong    WU Yingbiao    WANG Mushen   
作者单位：  石家庄成功机电有限公司 河北石家庄,051530  
刊  名：  爆破器材ISTICPKU  
Journal：  Explosive Materials  
年，卷(期)：  2018, 47(1)  
分类号：  TJ510.5  TQ560  TD235.2+1  
关键词：  乳化炸药  爆炸危险性  生成热  动能  硬摩擦  压强能  
Keywords：  emulsion explosivesexplosion hazardthermal formationkinetic energydry frictionpressure energy  
在线出版日期：  2018年1月17日  

原文网址：

1. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/bpqc201801001

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